Valve mechanism for internal-combustion engines.



. PATENTLD JULY 30, 1907. L. M. OSBORN &.J. E. MANNIS. VALVE MEGHANISM FOR INTERNAL'GOMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLIOATION'PILED FEB. 2, 1906.

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Il Vl Wjlnesses Y UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.v

LAFAYETTE M. OSBORN AND JAMES E. MANNIS, OF TOPEKA, KANSAS.

VALVE MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Speccation of Letters Patent.-

Patented July 3o, 1907.

Application filed February '2, 1906. I Serial No. 299,073.

To all whoml it may concern:

Be it known that we, LAFAYETTE M. OsBoRN and JAMEs E. MANNIs, citizens of the United States,'r'esid' I ing at Topeka, in the county of Shawnee and State of Kansas, have invented newand useful'lmprovements in Valve Mechanism for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to four-cycle'engines adapted for comparatively high speed. l I

Objects are: To provide larger port openings lthan heretofore, and to provide a mechanism in which/larger port openings maybe made through the valve or valves than heretofore, so as to more freely permit the passage therethrough of the gases.; to provide for the complete exhaustion of the burned gases from the cylinder beforethe inlet gases are admitted; to condense the valve mechanism so as to simplify theconstruction thereof and lessen the space necessary for it; to do'away with all valve ports leading to the side of the cylinder,.and to locato the valve ports at the end ofthe cylinder, and so that the ports close up tight over the piston; to provide for bringing inthe inlet gases close tothe exhaust gases in order that the former have a cooling effect on the latter; to provide for a moreeven expansion of the burning gases in the cylinder by reason of the even closing of the valve ports and their location at the rear end of the cylinder, as will be shown; to improve generally upon valve mechanism, to simplify the construction, and withal to provide for the more economical use of such en gines.

The invention consists of the parts, improvements,

and combinations herein set forth and claimed.

In the drawings accompanying andforming part of this specification, and in the description thereof, we have shown the invention in its preferred form and have shown the best mode of applying the principles thereof;

but it is to be understood that the invention itself is not confined to these drawings and the description of the drawings, that it may be applied to other uses, that parts and combinations thereof as herein separately claimed may be used with or without other connecting parts of similar general nature to those herein described, and that we contemplate changes in form,proportions, materials,arrangement, the transposition of parts, and the substitution of equivalent members without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Figure l is an end lview of the -cylinder showing the opening'in which our improved valve box is located 'at the end of the cylinder. Fig. 2 is a-top view -of the cylinder showing especiallythe inlet and exhaust openings which lead through the valve. Fig. 3 is a center section showing the mechanism in detail'.

ing parts throughout the/several views.

in closed position. vided with hardened knife edge bearings adapted to suitable valve-operating mechan? W e have shown herein only those parts immediately .concerned in our invention, lthe other parts being well known in the art.

. A is the cylinder, and B, C, D are flanges fr securing a water-jacket thereon.

B is an opening through the cylinder head adapted to take in and contain the valve-box constructed' in accordance with the principles of our invention, and G is an opening into which the sparking plug may be screwed. E is the inlet port, and F is the exhaust port; and

both are extended, in the-form of Aannular.grooves, around the valve box, with thepartition n between them, so as to formV suitable passages for the gases to and from thevalves. A`

h is the bushing or seat'for the exhaust valve e; it has a series of openings, i, for the passage of-gases from the port and annular grooveE, and another series of openings, c, for the passage of gases to the annular groove and port F. The flange h forms a partition between the two passages, and also forms a bearing for the valve e. A-flange or shoulder o engages the inner rab'beted end of the bushing h, and a cap g is screwed into the cylinder at the otherA end of the busliing, and the bushing is held firmly in place between 'these elements. lhel valve e has a beveled engagement with the bushing or seath, as shown at p, which forms a tight fit and may be properly ground. Valve e is hollow, vhas a series of holes J, which form a passage for the gases fromthe inlet port-E and holes i into the interior of the-valvel and also has a stem which extends out through the cap g and which is provided with a collar a', and a spring f between the collar and the cap g for normally holding the valve vin closed position. At the inner end of the hollow valve e` is a valve b `seated in said valve e and having preferably a beveled engagement as shown at p. Valveb has a stem b/ which extends out through the stem e( of the valve e, and which Ais provided at its outer end with l a cap a between which and the outer end of stem e is a compression springe normallyholding the valve b Collar dfand cap a.may be probe engaged by any ism, such mechanism being well known in theart and being adapted to .cause the operations as herein described. Preferable, the inlet gases are taken in through the port E, holes 't' and`J, interior of ,valve e, and are controlled by the puppet-valve b;..while the outlet gases are controlled' by the valve e, and find their passage through the holes c and port F. This arrangement gives a larger area of outlet ports by'reason ofthe larger circumference of the bushing h, so that the burned gases may be freely and completely dissages niay be reversed.

To explain the operation'. The piston being in start ing position at the valve end of the cylinder, the valve b is opened by a'lever bearing against the cap a, which admits the inlet gases tothe cylinder -behind the piston as the piston makes the first stroke. At the end of the first stroke, the valve b is closed, and upon the return stroke oi the piston the gas in the cylinder is compressed', all valves being closed.k Upon the next stroke, the gas is ignited in the usual manner, forcing the piston forward, all valvesbeing closed; and upon the second returnstroke, the valve e is opened by. a

lever engaging against the collar d, which forces valve' e open and perm-itsthe burnedgases rto escape between the valve opening p3 holes k, and port F. When the valve E is opened, the valve b is carried with it,'

closed; but whenthe valve b is opened, acts independently of valves. The holes J do not pass at any tirne beyond the partition h, so that theinlet passages are always open through valve cylinder e, except through valve b.

It will be noted that bythe arrangement of the valves as herein described, at the :rear oi the cylinder, We pro- CureL alarga opening for both inlet and exhaust gases that. both .valves close up tightagainst the cylinderpisfor1, the,elearanc e space being only that which is required for-the compressed gases; thatwe do away With all ports leading to the side, permit .the piston to como as -close to the ports as practicable, allowance only being required for the compressed gases, and

that therefore, the burned gases are practically con1- pl'etely exhausted from the cylinder before the inlet gases are brought in; that we have acharnber of regular contour behind the piston `in which the combustion .takes place, and Athat therefore the combustion itself is more regular and uniform, and that the cooler inlet gases coming in -through the valve e keep the said valve and adjoining parts cool, and thereby 'alsovtend to cool the exhausting gases.

It will be especially noted that the areasoi the valve openings', ports, and passages Aare very large for the size oi the valve box as well as for the size of the cylinder, which perniits the iree passage of the. gases therethrough, and this feature, together withthe location of the valves so close up behind the piston, are items oi much importance, especially in rapidly running engines.

It will also b e noted that by'reason of the .practically complete discharge of the burned gases from the cylinder before the admission of the inlet gases, the Waste of gases is avoided, and a perfect combustion isse cured. Y

It will also be notedv that the`valve itseli, andthe cylinder and valve as a whole, are very compatt, yet. the valve openings are'very large and the valve ei` cient. Obviously, too, the construction is simple.

Thei'valvabox may be gotten at, or entirely removed, by the sirnnllo operation of'unscrewing the In the drawings, we have shown both the valve-box .and the sparking plug in the cylinder-head.' If, however, it should become desirable to.increase the size of the valves, the sparking plug may be inserted thrpugh the side wall of the cylinder, and the valves may.then

beniade larger, indeed, they niaylbemade the full diameter of the cylinder, if so Large-a valve is wantedl What We Q lairn is: 1. The coliihinaton of the outer casing provided with ports E and F and thefannular channels extending around the inside. a valve bushing h having a partition h and,`

holes und k leading to s aid respective channels, a cap -g, a hollow cylindrical puppet-valve e having the holes J to always form passage from port'E;to`-the interior of saidV valve. and the` hollow stem extending out through the cap and provided with a collar d, a second valve lr seated at the open end Vof the cylindrical valve -whlch thus fori'ns the bushing therefor. the second valve being provided with a stem extending out through the hollow stern of the lfirst valve 4and provided with' a cap a, a compression spring between the' collar and the .cap y,.and`a compression spring between cap u and the -hollow stem, substantially as set forth. i v i y 2. The combination of the outer" casing vprovided with ports E and l" and the annular channels extending around the` inside.` a v'alve bushing h having a partition h' and holes t and I: leading to said respective channels, a cap g.

a hollow cylindrical'.puppet-valve e having the holes .Vto always forni passage from port E to the interior of :mid valve, .and the hollow stem extending out through the cap. asecond valve'b seatednt the op'enend of the cylindrical valve which thus forms theV bushing therefor, the' second. valve being provided with a sternex'tending out through th' hollow stem of the lirst valve, substantially as set forth.

il. `'lhe combination of the outer casing provided with ports E and F'and the annular channels extending around the inside, a valve bushing li having o. partition hl and holes and k leading to said respective channels. a cap g, a hollow cylindrical puppet-valve e having the holes J to always form passage from port E to the interior of said valve. and the'steinextendingout through the cap. a sec 'oud valve b seated at the open end of the cylindrical valve which thus forms the bushing therefor, the secondvalve beingprovided with a stem. and means for operating said valves. substantially as set forth. I

in testimony whereof we have `hereunto signed our 'naines iu the presence of subscribing wilness'es.

LAFAYETIE M. OSBORN JAMES E. MANNIS. Witnesses-1 Z. 'l. FISHER, C. J. ROSEN. 

